John Sergeant
Pour les articles homonymes, voir Sergeant.
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| Naissance | |
|---|---|
| Décès | |
| Formation |
St John's College English College (en) |
| Activités |
Solid Philosophy Asserted, Against the Fancies of the Ideists (d) |
John Sergeant (Barrow upon Humber, 1622 - 1710) est un controversialiste, philosophe et théologien catholique anglais.
Biographie[modifier | modifier le code]
John Sergeant étudia à St John's College (Cambridge), puis devint secrétaire de l'évêque de Durham. Il se convertit au catholicisme à la suite de ses recherches dans le domaine de l'histoire ecclésiastique, étudia alors dans des collèges catholiques à Lisbonne, et devint prêtre séculier. De retour en Angleterre, il se lance dans une vie de controverses. Ami de Kenelm Digby, en 1675 on le trouve à Rouen où il fréquente Bossuet. On lui d'innombrables libelles qui sont un remarquable témoignage des controverses religieuses dans l'Angleterre de l'époque. En métaphysique et en théorie de la connaissance, il fut l'un des premiers grands critiques de l'idéalisme de John Locke et de René Descartes. Il polémique en particulier avec le franciscain récollet Antoine Legrand, qui avait beaucoup fait pour populariser les idées de Descartes en Angleterre.
Œuvres[modifier | modifier le code]
- A letter of thanks from the author of Sure-footing to his answerer Mr. J.[ohn] T.[illotson], Paris, 1666
- Faith vindicated from possibility of falshood: or, The immovable firmness and certainty of the motives to Christian faith, asserted, against that tenet, which, denying infallibility of authority, subverts its foundation, and renders it uncertain, Louvain, 1667
- Methodus compendiosa, qua recte pervestigatur et certo invenitur fides christiana ; authore J.S., Paris, 1674
- Clypaeus septemplex. - Declaratio Joannis Sergeantii circa doctrinam in libris suis contentam exhibita sacrae congregationi... cardinalium in universa christiana republica contra haereticam pravitatem generalium inquisitorum - Additamentum - Appendix, seu Querimonia Joannis Serjeantii adversus M. Lominum... [E. Talbot.] - Antidoti adversus venenatas Lomini calumnias praesumendae donec... illius libelli confutatio pertexi ac publicari poterit. - Discursus brevis ostendens quam inepta ac praepostera methodo usus fit Lominus in affigendo libris meis haeresis crimen. - De illustri testimonio a Lomino adducto... - Refutatio objectionis quod libri et doctrina mea nitantur quae D. Albio seu Blacloo sunt peculiaria, Douai, 1677
- Of Devotion, by J.S., London, 1678
- Vindiciae Joannis Sergeantii, tribunalibus romano et parisiensi, ubi ab... Petro Talboto, archiepiscopo dubliniensi, de doctrina prava accusatus fuit, in librorum suorum defensionem exhibitae, s.l., 1678
- A letter from a trooper in Flanders, to his comerade: shewing, that Luxemburg is a witch, and deals with the Devil, London, 1695
- The Method to Science, London, 1696
- Solid philosophy asserted against the fancies of the ideists or, the Method to science farther illustrated, with reflexions on Mr. Locke's Essay concerning human understanding, London, 1697; repr. New York, Garland Publ. Co., 1984
- Ideæ Cartesianæ ad Lydium veritatis lapidem (terminorum scilicet connexionem) expensæ: ubi dissertatio ... A. le Grand, "De ratione cognoscendi," ac appendix ejusdem "de formali mutatione," principiis esse destitutæ, imo primis intellectus principiis oppositæ demonstrantur ... Authore J. S., in-8°, London, 1698
- Non ultra, or a Letter to a learned Cartesian, settling the rule of truth, and first principles, upon their deepest grounds, by J.S., London, 1698, repr. by N.C. Bradish, The Monist 39 (1929), 571-628
- Transnatural Philosophy, or Metaphysicks: demonstrating the Essences or Operations of all Beings whatever, which gives the Principles to all other Sciences. And shewing the Perfect Conformity of Christian Faith to Right Reason, and the Unreasonableness of Atheists, Deists, Anti-Trinitarians and other Sectaries, London, 1700
Bibliographie[modifier | modifier le code]
- (en) Norman C. Bradish, « John Sergeant, a Forgotten Critic of Descartes and Locke », The Monist, vol. 39, no 4, , p. 571-628 (JSTOR 27901212).
- Krook, Dorothea, John Sergeant and His Circle. A Study of Three Seventeenth-Century English Aristotelians, ed. B.C. Southgate, Leiden, 1993
- Floridi, Luciano, "'Objective Knowledge' : the Disappearance and Revaluation of 'Knowledges' from John Sergeant to Karl Popper", Nouvelles de la République des Lettres 1 (1994), 97-122
- Spruit, Leen, Species intelligibilis, Leiden, 1995, II, 518-520
- Phemister, Pauline, "Locke, Sergeant and Scientific Method", in : The Rise of Modern Philosophy, ed. Tom Sorell, Oxford, OUP, 1993, 231-249
- Glauser, Richard, "John Sergeant's Arguments against Descartes and the Way of Ideas", The Monist 71 (1988), 585-595
- McKracken, Charles J., Malebranche and British Philosophy, Oxford, 1983, ad indicem
- Pacchi, Arrigo, Cartesio in Inghilterra, Bari, 1973
- Yolton, John W., John Locke and the Way of Ideas, Oxford, 1956, 76 sq.; 103 sq.
- Yolton, John W., "Locke's Marginal Replies to John Sergeant", Journal of the History of Ideas 12 (1951), 528-559
Liens externes[modifier | modifier le code]
- Notices dans des dictionnaires ou encyclopédies généralistes :
